“Imply” vs. “Infer” – Understanding Subtle Differences
The English language is full of words that sound similar but carry different meanings. “Imply” and “infer” are two such words that are often used interchangeably, though incorrectly.
They deal with the communication process but from opposite ends—one from the speaker’s perspective and the other from the listener’s. This article will help you discern when to use each word properly.
Quick Summary
“Imply” is a verb that means to suggest or express something indirectly, while “infer” is a verb that refers to the act of concluding or deducing something based on evidence or reasoning.
“Imply” vs. “Infer” – Which is Correct?
Choosing between “imply” and “infer” hinges on the role of the person in the communication:
| Word | When to Use | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Imply | When someone is hinting at or suggesting something without stating it directly | The teacher’s raised eyebrow implied that she was not pleased with the interruption. |
| Infer | When someone is deducing or concluding something from the information provided | From the clues left behind, the detective inferred that there had been a struggle. |
How to Use “Imply”
“Imply” is about sending subtle messages or hints. It’s the speaker’s or writer’s responsibility to imply. Here’s how to use “Imply”:
“When she said the project was ‘interesting,’ she implied that it might not be very good.”
“The author implies a connection between the two characters through their similar descriptions.”
How to Use “Infer”
“Infer” is about receiving messages and reading between the lines. It’s the listener’s or reader’s job to infer. Here’s how to use “Infer”:
“From his tone, I inferred that he was actually quite upset about the decision.”
“Readers may infer that the kingdom is in peril due to the detailed descriptions of political unrest.”
Practice Exercises
Choose “imply” or “infer” to correctly complete the sentences:
- The silence of the crowd could _ disappointment in the team’s performance.
- The smirk on her face seemed to _ that she knew more than she was letting on.
- Based on the evidence, the jury had to _ the defendant’s guilt or innocence.
- Does the use of dark colors in the painting _ a somber mood?
- From the historical documents, historians _ that the king was likely assassinated.
Answer Key:
- imply
- imply
- infer
- imply
- inferred
Conclusion
The verbs “imply” and “infer” are essential for nuanced expression and interpretation. Remember that to “imply” is to hint at something without saying it explicitly, while to “infer” is to deduce something that is not stated outright.
Their correct use is a testament to the speaker’s and listener’s abilities to convey and interpret subtleties, making them indispensable tools in the art of communication.
